Tuesday, February 28, 2012

Aokigahara Forest

While stumbling around on the internet this evening, I happened across a page containing a bunch of pictures of the Aokigahara Forest, at the foot of Mount Fuji, in Japan. For anyone who doesn't know about this forest, it is also known by the names "Jukai" (meaning "Sea of Trees"), "Forest of Death", or more popularly, "Suicide Forest". This forest is known as a major spot for troubled individuals to end their lives; over 100 victims of suicide are found here each year. The main method of suicide in this forest is by hanging, though some are also taken through overdose of sleeping pills, starvation, and dehydration. The link provided above contains some disturbing photos (individuals hanging from trees, human remains, etc.), so I would strongly encourage you not to have a peek if you are impressionable or get disturbed easily.

This forest has always sort of intrigued me in a way. On one hand, it's incredibly sad about the situation within the forest, but on the other, I had always wondered why people chose to go there, to that particular forest. So, putting off my other homework, I decided to have a peek around the internet to see if I could find any answers.

An image of a skull found in Aokigahara Forest, Japan

Straight away, I found a link on youtube to a short, two part documentary of sorts about the forest (I'll post these videos at the end for anyone who wishes to watch them). The 'host' is a Japanese geologist by the name of Azusa Hayano. He does patrols through the forest to check for remains, or to see if there are any individuals camping there. In the video he mentions that if a person brings a tent into the forest, they are usually still struggling with the idea of committing suicide or not. Near the beginning of this video, he mentions that in the old days, suicide was a practice of the samurai's, and that poorer families would often abandoned elders in the mountains, who would be left to die. As Hayano enters the forest, he stops to read a sign that is in place to help prevent further suicides. It says that ones life is a precious gift, and that one should speak to others rather than dealing with problems on their own. The sign also includes a number for a suicide prevention hotline.

The first thing that I noticed when Hayano ventured off the maintained paths of the forest was the amount of tape strung around trees. Apparently, individuals who enter this part of the forest wrap this tape around trees so that they may find their way out if they decide not to go through with it. Hayano mentions that if one follows the tape, one will almost always find something at the end, whether it be remains of an individual, or signs that someone had been there. Throughout the video, Hayano and his camera member come across the remains (a skeleton, still wearing clothing), an upside down doll nailed to a tree (representing the torture of society), suicide notes, a suicide manual, various tents, a living person in a tent (whom they later rescued), and, what touched me most, were two bouquets of flowers and a box of chocolate left for the deceased. It wasn't so much that there were goods left for someone who had taken their life, but what Hayano said about this: "You think you die alone, but that's not true. Nobody is alone in this world." I absolutely agree with this, and it really makes the sad reality of this forest come to light. People think they are alone, but they aren't. There are still people who love them. Hayano asked the same question I did. He wanted to know why people came to die in this "beautiful forest." He still hasn't found the answer.

After watching through the videos, I found a website that had some pictures and short captions about the forest. On this site, I found a couple of reasons why the forest may have become more popular and romanticized. Apparently, a 1960's book, Kuroi Jukai tells a tale of two lovers who both commit suicide together in Aokigahara Forest at the end. Another very controversial book in 1993, The Complete Suicide Manual, recommends Aokigahara as "the perfect place to die." I think this might explain why so many people come here to end their lives. Perhaps they feel it is honorable to die here, and for their souls to remain in the forest.

Because there are are so many deaths here, both in the distant and recent past, there are ghost stories surrounding the area as well. These angry spirits - yurei - are said to remain in the forest, and prevent others from leaving. I found this article that talked a bit about the yurei and also an interesting practice that took place if a body was found in the forest.

"However, even in these haunted woods, regular humans still have a job to do. Forestry workers rotate in and out of shifts at a station building in Aokigahara, and occasionally they will come upon unfortunate bodies in various states of decomposition, usually hanging from trees or partially eaten by animals. The bodies are brought down to the station, where a spare room is kept especially for such occasions. In this room are two beds: one for the corpse and one for someone to sleep next to it. Yup, you read that correctly. It is thought that if the corpse is left alone, the lonely and unsettled yurei will scream the whole night through, and the body will move itself into the regular sleeping quarters."

Kind of a creepy idea. Not entirely sure I could snuggle up to a corpse to keep it company... but that's just me.

Well, that's about the sum of my knowledge about the Suicide Forest. If anyone else has other information or knowledge to share with me, please feel free to post it. Or even just post comments and thoughts about the forest itself. Do you have any questions about what is going on here? Possible explanations? I'd love to hear ideas! For now though, I will leave those interested with the videos I found on YouTube, and I must get myself some sleep.








References:

CNN, 2009. Desperate Japanese head to 'suicide forest'. [online] Available at: http://articles.cnn.com/2009-03-19/world/suicide.forrest.japan_1_suicide-taro-aokigahara-forest/2?_s=PM:WORLD [Accessed 28 February 2012].

Davisson, Z, 2012. The suicide woods of Mt. Fuji. [online] Available at: http://www.seekjapan.jp/article-1/767/The+Suicide+Woods+of+Mt.+Fuji [Accessed 28 February 2012]

Forde, M, n.d. Aokigahara: Japan's forest of death. [online] Available at: http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/news-aokigahara-forest-death [Accessed 28 February 2012].

Image:

[Aokigahara skull] n.d. [image online] Available at: http://funzu.com/index.php/crazy-pics/aokigahara-forest-of-suicides-29102009.html [Accessed 28 February 2012].

YouTube Videos:

NNekromantik, 2010. Aokigahara - Suicide forest 1/2. [video online] Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=6CK1KdAha78 [Accessed 28 February 2012].

NNekromantik, 2010. Aokigahara - Suicide forest 2/2. [video online] Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=V1eXOXYI3bc [Accessed 28 February 2012].

5 comments:

  1. Wow. I think the thing that caught me the most about this was, like you, Hayano's message about never dying alone. So many people say exactly the opposite and I might cite him if nyone ever said it around me again. I went through a period of seriously considering suicide (obviously I made it through but it was tough) and one thing that really hot home was the tape guides used to mark a path. Hayano says they are left by people who are unsure and want to be able to find their way out. And I agree that that is definitely part of it, but I think its also subconsciously a map for others, just in case the person does go through with it. Being in that place is really difficult but I found that there is almost always some niggling feeling that maybe, just by chance someone will find you (dead or alive) and take care of you.
    As to why people would want to go to such a beautiful forest....why not? It is secluded from others, peaceful, you basically get to choose your death, and it is a place away from the society and troubles that plague you. Sounds ideal - considering the circumstances one would be in to get there.

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    1. Well, I'm glad you're still around. I've never been in a place like that, but I know others who have been...so a lot of way Hayano was saying really resonated with me, even though I hadn't experienced those feelings myself. What he was saying represented a lot of my own personal feelings toward suicide, and what I try and tell others when they come to me to talk. I like your thought about the tape being a map for others to find them. It never crossed my mind when I was writing about this.

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  2. This post was really interesting, and it got me thinking about suicide in the archaeological record. It's not something we've talked about, but obviously it's something important to think about (even though a lot of us probably don't want to think about it...). A lot of people will bury suicide victims differently than they would other dead (for instance, Eastern Orthodox Russians who committed suicide, at least before the Soviets..) were supposed to be buried at places like crossroads, or even have their bodies mutilated, and these are things we'd perhaps be able to see in the archaeological record. With the plethora of differing views on suicide (religious or otherwise) I imagine there are tons of ways that people bury (or not) suicide victims. With looking at this forest and these other modes of the disposal of the bodies of suicide victims in living cultures perhaps we'd think more about suicide in the archaeological record.

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  3. Thanks for your post. Not that many people would have opened the subject on the taboo of suicide.

    I am sorry if I am of no help concerning Japanese funerary practices regarding suicide. Data concerning their rituals felt like looking for a needle in a haystack.

    However, David Reid seems to suggest that funerary rites are different when it concerns suicide and 'muenbotoke (people who die with no kin to remember them, or whose line dies out)'.(Reid, 1981, p.12)

    Besides, I could find that the unidentified found dead were under the jurisdiction of the 3 villages of Narusawa, Ashiwada and Kamikuishiki for they are adjacent to the Aokigahara forest. So we know that the John and Jane Does will have "decent" funerals as the villages will pay for their cremation, the hearse, the urn and storage.(Hadfield, 2000)

    But I think that we have to take into account different parameters on why suicide is more 'acceptable' in Japan. We may think of their historical background which is tightly linked to their code of honor. Remember the expression 'harakiri' (aka seppuku) or your History classes when we talked about the kamikaze aviators in World War II? Both of those suicidal methods (one by disembowelment and the other by crashing oneself with a plane) are violent deaths which are seen as respectful for they are proof of one's devotion to a figure (a lord or a master) or to one's country - which might result in self-punishment in case of failure in one's duty -, a form of protest against one's enemies, or the last resort when there are no other solution.(Thompson, 2007, pp. 20,22 and 37)

    Ok, I admit that I was also shocked by the use of the adjective "magnificent" by policemen and the fact that they were "impressed" when they describe a hara-kiri scene which took place in front of the US embassy on May 31, 1924 as a result of the American Immigration Act of 1924. But we have to keep in mind that their notions of beauty, morals and codes are different from ours, due to the culture they were immersed in. (Hirobe, 2001, p.33)

    Plus, the act of suicide has been embellished and/or romanticized with literary works and more modern media, to such point that it help to instill the belief that it is being "normal". As you said before, there are books like "Kuroi Jukai" or "The Complete Suicide Manual". But we may also mention the mangas and animes the Japanese are so fond of, like "Saint Seiya", "Dragon Ball" or "Ken". Or we may also refer to the dramatic movie Yûkoku (1966) with its harakiri scene, and the real death by seppuku of lead actor Yukio Mishima a few years later. (Yukio, 2008)

    In addition to that, the news media cover more and more suicide stories as Japan is the country with the highest lethal rate. The phenomenon (or common practice?) hits the students and employees undergoing lots of pressure, economic hardships, newly-widows or divorced people. These figures are also explainable by the fact that their religions - contrary to Christianity, Judaism and so on - do not forbid such practice.(Aoki, 2012)

    This is interesting to see how such people burdened by the restrictiveness of their traditions, morals and codes can be so open-minded when it comes to death, and especially voluntary death.

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  4. REFERENCES

    *Aoki, M. 2012. Suicides top 30,000 for 14th straight year. The Japan Times [online]
    http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120112a2.html

    *Hadfield, P. 2000. Japan struggles with soaring death toll in Suicide Forest. The Telegraph [online]. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/japan/1373287/Japan-struggles-with-soaring-death-toll-in-Suicide-Forest.html

    *Hirobe, I. 2001. Japanese pride, American prejudice : modifying the exclusion clause of the 1924 Immigration Act. Stanford, Calif, Stanford University Press.
    http://books.google.ca/books?id=aodXI-385HoC&pg=PA33&dq=suicide+japan+funeral+police+magnificent&hl=en&sa=X&ei=rtFvT7-sI8mYiQKbnqGnBQ&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=suicide%20japan%20funeral%20police%20magnificent&f=false

    *Reid, D. 1981. Remembering the Dead : Change in Protestant Christian Tradition through Contact with Japanese Cultural Tradition. Japanese Journal of Religious Studies, 8(1/2), pp.9-33.

    *Thompson, S. 2007. Tokyo. London, New Holland.
    http://books.google.ca/books?ei=tblvT8y3A8PSiALVrpi3BQ&id=143W5XbACSsC&dq=shinto+mortuary+rites+suicide&q=suicide#v=snippet&q=suicide&f=false

    *Yukio, D. 2008. La mort volontaire au Japon. Canalblog [online]
    http://japon.canalblog.com/archives/2008/08/02/10115718.html

    ReplyDelete